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The Constitution of the United States of America
as originally adopted
(Ratified June 21, 1788)



Overview
Courtesy U.S. Archives
"The Constitution of the United States contains a preamble and seven articles that describe the way the government is structured and how it operates. The first three articles establish the three branches of government and their powers: Legislative (Congress), Executive (office of the President,) and Judicial (Federal court system). A system of checks and balances prevents any one of these separate powers from becoming dominant. Articles four through seven describe the relationship of the states to the Federal Government, establish the Constitution as the supreme law of the land, and define the amendment and ratification processes."     U.S.Archives

Preamble

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1001011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

   

   

Article I
"Article I assigns the responsibility for making laws to the Legislative Branch (Congress). Congress is divided into two parts, or "Houses," the House of Representatives and the Senate. The bicameral Congress was a compromise between the large states, which wanted representation based on population, and the small ones, which wanted the states to have equal representation."     U.S.Archives

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modified by the 14th Amendment, section 2.         >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021030201- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021030301- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021040101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021050101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011021050102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: "chosen by the Legislature thereof," superseded by the 17th Amendment, clause 1.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: "and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies" superceded by the 17th Amendment, clause 2.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031040101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031050101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031060101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011031070101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 4
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011041010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011041020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: "be on the first Monday in December" superceded by the 20th Amendment, Section 2.         >            

   

   


Section 5
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011051010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011051020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011051030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011051040101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

   

   


Section 6
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011061010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011061010201- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011061010202- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011061020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011061020102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 7
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011071010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011071020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011071030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 8
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010103- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010104- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010105- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010106- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010107- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010108- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010109- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                    
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010110- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                    
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010111- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010112- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010113- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010114- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010115- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010116- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010117- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010118- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010119- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010120- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010121- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010122- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010123- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010124- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010125- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011081010126- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   


Section 9
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]-     Note: By "Person(s)" the authors were referring to "Slave(s)"        >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                                                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                    
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091030102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                        

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091040101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modified by the 16th Amendment which provided for taxing the income of individuals.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091050101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091060101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091070101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011091080101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                    

   

   


Section 10
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101010103- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101010104- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101010105- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1011101030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                    

   

   

Article II
"Article II details the Executive Branch and the offices of the President and Vice President. It lays down rules for electing the President (through the Electoral College), eligibility (must be a natural-born citizen at least 35 years old), and term length. The 12th and 25th Amendments modified some of these rules."     U.S.Archives

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011010202- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011010203- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011040101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011050101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011060101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Replaced by 25th Amendment.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011070101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021011080101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

   


Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021010103- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021010104- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021010303- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021020102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021021030101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

   

   


Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010102- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010104- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010105- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021031010106- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

   

   


Section 4
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=1021041010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >                

   

   

Article III
"Article III establishes the Judicial Branch with the U.S. Supreme Court as the federal court system's highest court. It specifies that Federal judges be appointed for life unless they commit a serious crime. This article is shorter than Articles I and II. The Federal Convention left much of the work of planning the court system to the First Congress. The 1789 Judiciary Act created the three-tiered court system in place today."     U.S.Archives

Section 1
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Section 2
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Section 3
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Article IV
"Article IV outlines states' powers in relationship to each other. States have the authority to create and enforce their own laws but must respect and help enforce the laws of other states. Congress may pass Federal laws regarding how states honor other states' laws and records."     U.S.Archives

Section 1
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Section 2
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Section 3
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Section 4
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Article V
"Article V explains the amendment process, which is different and more difficult than the process for making laws. When two-thirds of the Senate and two-thirds of the House of Representatives vote to change the Constitution, an amendment goes to the state legislatures for a vote. Alternatively, two-thirds of the state legislatures can submit an application to Congress, and then Congress calls a national convention at which states propose amendments. Three-fourths of the state legislatures or state conventions must vote in favor of an amendment to ratify it."     U.S.Archives


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Article VI
"Article VI states that Federal law is supreme, or higher than, state and local laws. This means that if a state law conflicts with a Federal law, Federal law takes precedence."     U.S.Archives


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Article VII
"Article VII describes the ratification process for the Constitution. It called for special state ratifying conventions. Nine states were required to enact the Constitution." New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify the Constitution on June 21, 1788. (RYC editor's note) "Rhode Island became the 13th state to ratify the Constitution in 1790."     U.S.Archives


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Bill of Rights
Courtesy U.S. Archives
"The Constitution might never have been ratified if the framers hadn't promised to add a Bill of Rights. The first ten amendments to the Constitution gave citizens more confidence in the new government and contain many of today's Americans' most valued freedoms."     U.S.Archives

"The Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It spells out Americans' rights in relation to their government. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual-like freedom of speech, press, and religion. It sets rules for due process of law and reserves all powers not delegated to the Federal Government to the people or the States. And it specifies that "the enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."     U.S.Archives


Amendment I
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The First Amendment provides several rights protections: to express ideas through speech and the press, to assemble or gather with a group to protest or for other reasons, and to ask the government to fix problems. It also protects the right to religious beliefs and practices. It prevents the government from creating or favoring a religion."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment II
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Second Amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms.""     U.S.Archives


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Amendment III
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Third Amendment prevents government from forcing homeowners to allow soldiers to use their homes. Before the Revolutionary War, laws gave British soldiers the right to take over private homes."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment IV
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Fourth Amendment bars the government from unreasonable search and seizure of an individual or their private property."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment V
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Fifth Amendment provides several protections for people accused of crimes. It states that serious criminal charges must be started by a grand jury. A person cannot be tried twice for the same offense (double jeopardy) or have property taken away without just compensation. People have the right against self-incrimination and cannot be imprisoned without due process of law (fair procedures and trials.)"     U.S.Archives


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Amendment VI
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Sixth Amendment provides additional protections to people accused of crimes, such as the right to a speedy and public trial, trial by an impartial jury in criminal cases, and to be informed of criminal charges. Witnesses must face the accused, and the accused is allowed his or her own witnesses and to be represented by a lawyer."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment VII
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Seventh Amendment extends the right to a jury trial in Federal civil cases."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment VIII
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Eighth Amendment bars excessive bail and fines and cruel and unusual punishment."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment IX
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Ninth Amendment states that listing specific rights in the Constitution does not mean that people do not have other rights that have not been spelled out."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment X
Date Ratified: 12/15/1791
"The Tenth Amendment says that the Federal Government only has those powers delegated in the Constitution. If it isn't listed, it belongs to the states or to the people."     U.S.Archives


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Amendment XI
Date Passed by Congress: 03/04/1794
Date Ratified: 02/07/1795


      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2111011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modified Article III, section 2, clause 1.         >            

   

Amendment XII
Date Passed by Congress: 12/09/1803
Date Ratified: 06/15/1804


      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2121011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modified Article II, section 1, clause 3.             Note: Superseded by the 20th Amendment, section 3.        >            

   

Amendment XIII
Date Passed by Congress: 01/31/1865
Date Ratified: 12/06/1865

Section 1
      DeB 2405 Fld99 Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.   BackDeB 2423

Section 2
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Amendment XIV
Date Passed by Congress: 06/13/1866
Date Ratified: 07/09/1868

Section 1
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Section 2
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Section 3
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Section 4
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Section 5
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Amendment XV
Date Passed by Congress: 02/26/1869
Date Ratified: 02/03/1870

Section 1
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Section 2
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Amendment XVI
Date Passed by Congress: 07/02/1909
Date Ratified: 02/03/1913


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Amendment XVII
Date Passed by Congress: 05/13/1912
Date Ratified: 04/08/1913


      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2171011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Supersedes portion of Article I, section 3, clause 1.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2171011020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Supercedes Article I, section 3, clause 2, final sentence.         >            

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Amendment XVIII
Date Passed by Congress: 12/18/1917
Date Ratified: 01/16/1919

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2181011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repealed by the 21st Amendment.         >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2181021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repealed by the 21st Amendment         >        

Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2181031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repealed by the 21st Amendment         >            

   

Amendment XIX
Date Passed by Congress: 06/04/1919
Date Ratified: 08/18/1920


      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2191011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2191011020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XX
Date Passed by Congress: 03/02/1932
Date Ratified: 01/23/1933

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article I, section 4, clause 2.         >            

Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Supersedes a portion of the 12th Amendment.         >            

Section 4
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201041010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 5
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201051010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 6
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2201061010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XXI
Date Passed by Congress: 02/20/1933
Date Ratified: 12/05/1933

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2211011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repeals the 18th Amendment         >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2211021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repeals the 18th Amendment.         >            

Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2211031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Repeals the 18th Amendment         >            

   

Amendment XXII
Date Passed by Congress: 03/21/1947
Date Ratified: 02/27/1951

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2221011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2221021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XXIII
Date Passed by Congress: 06/16/1960
Date Ratified: 03/29/1961

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2231011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2231011020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2231021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XXIV
Date Passed by Congress: 09/14/1962
Date Ratified: 01/23/1964

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2241011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2241021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XXV
Date Passed by Congress: 07/06/1965
Date Ratified: 012/10/1967

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2251011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article II, section 1, clause 6.         >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2251021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article II, section 1, clause 6.         >            

Section 3
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2251031010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article II, section 1, clause 6.         >            

Section 4
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2251041010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article II, section 1, clause 6.         >            

      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2251041020101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article II, section 1, clause 6.         >        

   

Amendment XXVI
Date Passed by Congress: 03/23/1971
Date Ratified: 07/01/1971

Section 1
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2261011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Amendment 14, section 2.         >            

Section 2
      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2261021010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- >            

   

Amendment XXVII
Date Passed by Congress: 09/25/1789
Date Ratified: 57/07/1992


      DeB - 2441 SortOrderX=2271011010101- thisBackToLink=1041021030101- LatestStatus=[LatestStatus]- InterpretBy=[InterpretBy]- NoteStatus=[NoteStatus]- thisBackToNote=[thisBackToNote]- Note: Modifies Article I, section 6, sentence 1.         >            

   



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